Nzira shanu dzekudzivirira dzeVadziviriri veKuvhiya
Nzira dzekudzivirira kukwira kweropa
1. Zvishandiso Zvinodzivirira Zvinoshandiswa Pamwe Chete (SPDs) Zvakabatana Pamitsetse Yemagetsi
Mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairwa, varistors vari mukati me surge protector vanoramba vari mumamiriro e high-impedance. Kana grid yemagetsi ikarohwa nemheni kana ikasangana nekukwira kwemhepo kwenguva pfupi nekuda kwekuchinjana, protector inopindura mukati me nanoseconds, zvichiita kuti varistors ichinje kuenda kumamiriro e low-impedance, zvichiita kuti overvoltage ikurumidze kuvharirwa kusvika padanho rakachengeteka. Kana surges kana overvoltages dzakareba zvikaitika, varistor inoora uye inopisa, zvichikonzera nzira yekudzikisa kupisa kudzivirira moto nekudzivirira michina.
2. Dziviriro dzeKuputika kweSefa dzakatevedzana dzakabatana mumutsara neMasekete eSimba
Dziviriro idzi dzinopa simba rakachena uye rakachengeteka kune michina yemagetsi inonzwisisika. Kukwira kwemheni hakungogumiri pasimba guru chete asiwo kukwira kwemagetsi kwakasimba uye mwero wemagetsi anokwira. Kunyange zvazvo maSPD akafanana achigona kudzvinyirira kukwira kwemagetsi, haagone kudzikamisa mawavefront avo akapinza. MaSPD emhando yefirita akatevedzana, akabatana mumutsara nemagetsi, anoshandisa maMOV (MOV1, MOV2) kuti avhare mavoltage anokwira mumasekondi mashoma. Pamusoro pezvo, LC filter inoderedza kukwira kwevoltage yemhepo inokwira uye mwero wemagetsi anokwira nekanenge ka1,000 uye inoderedza voltage inosara nekashanu, ichichengetedza michina inonzwisisika.
3. Kuisa Voltage-Clamping Varistors Pakati Pezvikamu Nemitsetse Kuderedza Kukwira Kwemagetsi
Nzira iyi inoshanda zvakanaka pamwenje, maelevator, maair conditioner, uye mota, dzine simba rekudzivirira kukwira kwemhepo. Zvisinei, haishande zvakanyanya kune zvigadzirwa zvemagetsi zvemazuva ano zvine hunyanzvi hwekubatanidza. Semuenzaniso, mumasisitimu e220V AC echikamu chimwe chete, mavaristor anowanzoiswa pakati penzvimbo isina kusimba nepasi kuti atore mheni inopinza. Kushanda zvakanaka kwekudzivirira kunoenderana zvachose nekusarudza varistor uye kuvimbika kwayo.
Voltage yekusunga inoiswa zvichienderana nevoltage yepamusoro yegrid (310V), zvichireva:
- 20% kushanduka kwegrid,
- 10% kushivirira zvikamu,
- 15% zvinhu zvinovimbika (kukwegura, hunyoro, kupisa).
Saka, mwero wekubatanidza unotangira pa470V kusvika pa510V. Mafungu ari pasi pe470V anopfuura nepaasina kukanganiswa.
Kunyange zvazvo michina yemagetsi yakajairika (semuenzaniso, mota, mwenje) ichigona kumira 1,500V AC (2,500V peak), electronics dzemazuva ano dzinoshanda pa ±5V kusvika ±15V, nekutsungirira kwakanyanya pasi pe 50V. Kukwira kwema frequency ari pasi pe 470V kunogona kuramba kuchibatana kuburikidza neparasite capacitances muma transformers nemagetsi, zvichikuvadza ma IC. Uyezve, nekuda kwevaristor residual voltage uye lead inductance, kukwira kwakasimba kunogona kusundira mazinga e clamping kusvika 800V–1,000V, zvichiisa electronics panjodzi zvakanyanya.
4. Kuvandudza Dziviriro neUltra-Isolation Transformers (Nzira yeIsolation)
Transformer ine shielded isolation inoiswa pakati pesimba remagetsi nemutoro kuti ivhare ruzha rwepamusoro-soro uku ichigonesa kudzika kwechipiri kwakakodzera. Kupindirana kweCommon-mode, uko kunoenderana nepasi, kunobatana kuburikidza ne inter-winding capacitance. Chidziviriro chakadzika pakati pe primary ne secondary windings chinodzora kupindirana uku, zvichideredza ruzha rwekubuda.
5. Nzira yeKunyudza
Zvinhu zvinobata mweya zvinodzivisa kukwira kwemhepo nekuchinja kubva pakukwirira kuenda pakaderera kana voltage yemagetsi yadarika. Midziyo yakajairika inosanganisira:
- Varistor – Kukwanisa kushanda nesimba kwemagetsi mashoma.
- Machubhu Ekubvisa Gasi (GDTs)– Mhinduro inononoka.
- MaDiode eTVS / Machubhu Ekubuda Mumhepo Akasimba - Inokurumidza asi ine kuchinjana kwekunwa simba.
