Nhanganyaya

Mumashandisirwo emagetsi emazuva ano uye zvishandiso zvemagetsi, ma-surge protectors (SPDs) nema-inverter, sezvikamu zviviri zvakakosha, kushanda pamwe chete kwavo kwakakosha pakuona kushanda kwakachengeteka uye kwakasimba kwehurongwa hwese. Nekukura nekukurumidza kwesimba rinogona kuvandudzwa uye kushandiswa kwakapararira kwemidziyo yemagetsi yemagetsi, kushandiswa pamwe chete kweizvi zviviri kwave kwakajairika. Chinyorwa chino chichaongorora misimboti yekushanda, zvinodiwa pakusarudza, nzira dzekuisa maSPD nema-inverter, pamwe nekuti angabatanidzwa sei zvakanaka kuti ape dziviriro yakakwana kumasisitimu emagetsi.

 

 

Chitsauko 1: Kuongororwa Kwakakwana kweVadziviriri veSurge

 

1.1 Chii chinonzi surge protector?

 

Mudziyo unodzivirira kukwira kwemhepo (SPD muchidimbu), unozivikanwawo semudziviriri wekuwedzera kwemhepo kana kuti mudziviriri wemagetsi akawandisa, mudziyo wemagetsi unochengetedza michina yakasiyana-siyana yemagetsi, zvishandiso, uye tambo dzekutaurirana. Unogona kubatanidza dunhu rakachengetedzwa kune system yemagetsi munguva pfupi, zvichiita kuti simba riri pachiteshi chimwe nechimwe chemudziyo rienzane, uye panguva imwe chete unoburitsa simba remagetsi rinogadzirwa mudunhu nekuda kwekurohwa nemheni kana mashandiro ekuchinja pasi, nokudaro uchidzivirira michina yemagetsi kubva mukukuvadzwa.

 

Zvidziviriro zvema "surge protectors" zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya muminda yakaita sekutaurirana, magetsi, mwenje, kutarisa, uye kudzora maindasitiri, uye chikamu chakakosha uye chakakosha cheinjiniya yemazuva ano yekudzivirira mheni. Zvichienderana nezvinodiwa neInternational Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), zvidziviriro zvema "surge protectors" zvinogona kuiswa muzvikamu zvitatu: Rudzi I (rwekudzivirira mheni zvakananga), Rudzi II (rwekudzivirira masisitimu ekugovera), uye Rudzi III (rwekudzivirira michina yemagetsi).

 

1.2 Nheyo yekushanda yeMudziviriri weKuvhiya

 

Pfungwa huru yekushanda kwemudziviriri we surge inobva pane hunhu hwezvinhu zvisiri zvemutsara (zvakadai sevaristors, machubhu ekuburitsa gasi, ma diode ekudzvinyirira voltage ye transient voltage, nezvimwewo). Pasi pe voltage yakajairika, dzine state ye impedance yakakwira uye hadzina kana simba pakushanda kwe circuit. Kana voltage ye surge ikaitika, zvikamu izvi zvinogona kuchinja kuenda ku state ye impedance yakaderera mukati me nanoseconds, zvichitsausa simba re overvoltage pasi uye nokudaro zvichideredza voltage pamusoro pemidziyo yakachengetedzwa kuenda kunzvimbo yakachengeteka.

Maitiro chaiwo ekushanda anogona kukamurwa kuita zvikamu zvina:

 

1.2.1 Danho rekutarisa

 

SPD conInoramba ichitarisa kushanduka-shanduka kwemagetsi mudunhu. Inoramba iri mumamiriro ekupindira kwakanyanya mukati mehuwandu hwemagetsi akajairika, pasina kukanganisa mashandiro akajairika ehurongwa.

 

1.2.2 Danho rekupindura

 

Kana voltage ikaonekwa kuti yadarika chiyero chakatarwa (senge 385V yehurongwa hwe220V), chinhu chinodzivirira chinopindura nekukurumidza mukati memasekondi mashoma.

 

1.2.3 Kuburitswa kwemvura nhanho

Chinhu chinodzivirira chinoshanduka kuita mamiriro ekudzimira kwakaderera, zvichigadzira nzira yekuburitsa mvura inotungamira pasi, ukuwo ichisunga voltage pamusoro pemidziyo yakachengetedzwa kusvika padanho rakachengeteka.

 

1.2.4 Danho rekupora:

Mushure mekukwira kwesimba, chikamu chekudzivirira chinodzoka chega kune mamiriro ekupindira kwakanyanya, uye sisitimu inotangazve kushanda kwakajairika. Kune mhando dzisingazvigadzirise, kutsiva module kunogona kudiwa.

 

1.3 Maitiro ku sarudza chidziviriro chekudzivirira kukwira kwemvura

 

Kusarudza chidziviriro chakakodzera chekudzivirira kukwira kwemvura kunoda kufunga nezvezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti dziviriro yacho yakanakisa uye mabhenefiti ehupfumi.

 

1.3.1 Sarudza mhando zvichienderana nehunhu hwesystem

 

- Masisitimu ekugovera simba eTT, TN kana IT anoda mhando dzakasiyana dzeSPD

- SPDs dzema AC systems nema DC systems (akadai se photovoltaic systems) hadzigone kusanganiswa

- Musiyano uripo pakati pehurongwa hwechikamu chimwe chete nechikamu chechitatu

 

1.3.2 Kiyi Kufananidza Parameter

 

- Voltage yepamusoro-soro inoshanda (Uc) inofanira kunge yakakwira kupfuura voltage yepamusoro-soro inogona kusangana nesystem (kazhinji ka1.15-1.5 kanopfuura voltage yakayerwa nesystem)

- Dziviriro yevoltage (Kumusoro) inofanira kunge yakaderera pane voltage inomira yemidziyo yakachengetedzwa

- Mvura inobuda pachena (In) uye mvura inobuda pachena (Imax) inofanira kusarudzwa zvichienderana nenzvimbo yekuisa uye simba rinotarisirwa rekukwira kwemvura.

- Nguva yekupindura inofanira kunge ichikurumidza zvakakwana (kazhinji

 

1.3.3 Kuiswa zvinhu zvekufunga nezvazvo panzvimbo

 

- Nzvimbo yemagetsi inofanira kunge yakagadzirwa neClass I kana Class II SPD

- Panel yekugovera inogona kuve neClass II SPD

- Kumberi kwemidziyo kunofanirwa kuchengetedzwa nekudzivirira kwechikamu chechitatu cheSPD

 

1.3.4 Zvakakosha Zvinodiwa Pakuchengetedzwa Kwezvakatipoteredza

 

- Pakuisa panze, funga nezvezviyero zvisingapindi mvura uye zvinodzivirira guruva (IP65 kana kupfuura)

- Munzvimbo dzine tembiricha yakakwira, sarudza maSPD akakodzera tembiricha yakakwira

- Munzvimbo dzine ngura, sarudza nzvimbo dzakavharirwa dzine hunhu hwekudzivirira ngura

 

1.3.5 Chitupa Maitiro

 

- Zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa nenyika dzese zvakaita seIEC 61643 neUL 1449

- Yakabvumidzwa neCE, TUV, nezvimwewo.

- Kune masisitimu e photovoltaic, inofanira kutevedzera mwero weIEC 61643-31

 

1.4 Maitiro ekuita isa chidziviriro chekuwedzera

 

Kuisa nemazvo ndiyo kiyi yekuona kuti zvinodzivirira ma surge zvinobudirira. Heino gwara rehunyanzvi rekuisa

 

1.4.1 Kuiswa Nzvimbo Sarudzo

 

- SPD yemagetsi inofanira kuiswa mubhokisi guru rekugovera, pedyo nemagumo emutsara unouya sezvinobvira.

- SPD bhokisi rekugovera rechipiri rinofanira kuiswa mushure mekuchinja.

- SPD yekumberi kwemidziyo inofanira kuiswa pedyo nemidziyo yakachengetedzwa (zvinokurudzirwa kuti daro rive pasi pemamita mashanu).

 

1.4.2 Kubata waya Magadzirirwo

 

- Nzira yekubatanidza "V" (Kelvin connection) inogona kuderedza simba re lead inductance.

- Waya dzinobatanidza dzinofanira kunge dzakapfupika uye dzakatwasuka sezvinobvira (

- Nzvimbo yewaya dzinofanira kuenderana nezvinodiwa (kazhinji kacho kwete pasi pe4mm² waya yemhangura).

- Waya yekugadzika inofanira kusarudza waya yero-girini ine mavara maviri, ine nzvimbo yepakati pechikamu kwete pasi peyaya yephase wire.

 

1.4.3 Kudzika pasi Zvinodiwa

 

- Zviteshi zvekuisa pasi zveSPD zvinofanirwa kunge zvakabatana zvakachengeteka nebhazi rekuisa pasi resystem.

- Kuramba kwepasi kunofanirwa kuenderana nezvinodiwa zvesystem (kazhinji

- Dzivisa kuva newaya dzakareba zvakanyanya dzekuisa pasi, sezvo izvi zvichizowedzera kuvharika kwepasi.

 

1.4.4 Kuiswa Matanho

 

1) Bvisa magetsi wobva wasimbisa kuti hapana voltage

2) Bhuka nzvimbo yekuisa mubhokisi rekugovera zvichienderana nehukuru hweSPD

3) Gadzirisa hwaro hweSPD kana njanji yekutungamira

4) Batanidza waya yechikamu, waya isina kupindirana newaya yepasi zvichienderana nedhayagiramu yewaya

5) Tarisa kana kubatana kwese kwakachengeteka

6) Batidza kuti uedze, tarisa mwenje inoratidza mamiriro

 

1.4.5 Kuiswa Zvekungwaririra

 

- Usaise SPD usati waisa fuse kana circuit breaker.

- Kureba kwakakwana (kureba kwetambo > mamita gumi) kunofanirwa kuchengetedzwa pakati peSPD dzakawanda kana kuti mudziyo wekuparadzanisa unofanira kuwedzerwa.

- Mushure mekuiswa, mudziyo wekudzivirira wakawandisa (wakaita sefuse kana circuit breaker) unofanirwa kuiswa kumberi kweSPD.

- Kuongororwa nguva dzose (kamwe chete pagore) nekugadzirisa kunofanirwa kuitwa. Kuongororwa kwakasimba kunofanirwa kuitwa mwaka wemvura usati watanga uye wapera.

 

Chitsauko 2: Mukati-kuongorora kwakadzama kwema inverters

 

2.1 Chii chinonzi inverter?

 

Inverter mudziyo wemagetsi unoshandiswa nemagetsi unoshandura magetsi akananga (DC) kuita magetsi achinjana (AC). Chinhu chakakosha mumagetsi emazuva ano. Nekukura nekukurumidza kwesimba rinogona kushandiswazve, kushandiswa kwema inverters kwawedzera kupararira, kunyanya mumagetsi e photovoltaic, magetsi emhepo, magetsi ekuchengetedza simba, uye magetsi asingachinjiki (UPS).

 

 

MaInverter anogona kuiswa muzvikamu zve square wave inverters, modified sine wave inverters uye pure sine wave inverters zvichibva pama output waveforms avo; anogona zvakare kuiswa muzvikamu zve grid-connected inverters, off-grid inverters uye hybrid inverters zvichienderana nekushandiswa kwavo; uye anogona kukamurwa kuita micro inverters, string inverters uye centralized inverters zvichibva pasimba ravo.

 

2.2 Kushanda Nheyo yeInverter

 

Musimboti wekushanda kwe inverter ndeyekushandura direct current kuita alternating current kuburikidza ne rapid switching actions ye semiconductor switching devices (senge IGBT neMOSFET). Maitiro ekutanga ekushanda ndeaya anotevera:

 

2.2.1 Kupinza kweDC Danho

 

Simba remagetsi reDC (rakadai semapaneru e photovoltaic, mabhatiri) rinopa simba remagetsi reDC ku inverter.

 

2.2.2 Kuwedzera Danho (Sarudzo)

 

Voltage yekupinda inowedzerwa kusvika padanho rakakodzera kushanda kweinverter kuburikidza neDC-DC boost circuit.

 

2.2.3 Kuchinja Danho

 

Maswichi ekudzora anobatidzwa uye anodzimwa nenzira yakatarwa, zvichishandura direct current kuita pulsating direct current. Izvi zvinozosefetwa ne filter circuit kuti zvigadzire alternating waveform.

 

2.2.4 Zvinobuda Danho

 

Mushure mekupfuura nepaLC filtering, output ichave qualified alternating current (yakadai se220V/50Hz kana 110V/60Hz).

 

Kune ma inverters akabatana negrid, inosanganisirawo mabasa epamusoro akadai se synchronous grid connection control, maximum power point tracking (MPPT), uye islanding effect protection. Ma inverters emazuva ano anowanzo shandisa tekinoroji yePWM (Pulse Width Modulation) kuvandudza kunaka uye kushanda zvakanaka kwe waveform.

 

2.3 Maitiro ekuita sarudza inverter

 

Kusarudza inverter yakakodzera kunoda kufunga nezvezvinhu zvakawanda:

 

2.3.1 Sarudza mhando zvakavakirwa pa nezvemamiriro ekushandisa

 

- Kune masisitimu akabatana negrid, sarudza ma inverters akabatana negrid

- Kune masisitimu asiri pagrid, sarudza ma inverter asiri pagrid

- Kune masisitimu ehybrid, sarudza ma inverters ehybrid

 

2.3.2 Simba Kufananidza

 

- Simba rakatarwa rinofanira kunge rakakwira zvishoma pane simba rose remutoro (muganhu unokurudzirwa we1.2 - 1.5 times)

- Funga nezvehuwandu hwesimba rinowedzerwa nekukurumidza (senge simba rekutanga remota)

 

2.3.3 Zvinoiswa hunhu kufananidza

 

- Voltage yekupinda inofanira kufukidza voltage yekubuda kwemagetsi.

- Kune masisitimu e photovoltaic, huwandu hwenzira dzeMPPT uye simba rekupinda rinofanira kuenderana neparamita dzezvikamu.

 

2.3.4 Zvinobuda Hunhu Zvinodiwa

 

- Voltage inobuda uye frequency zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvemuno (senge 220V/50Hz)

- Hunhu hweWaveform (zviri nani kushandisa inverter yesine wave yakachena)

- Kushanda zvakanaka (ma inverter emhando yepamusoro ane kushanda zvakanaka kwe > 95%)

 

2.3.5 Dziviriro Mabasa

 

- Dziviriro huru dzakadai se overvoltage, undervoltage, overload, short circuit, uye overheating

- Kune ma inverters akabatana negrid, dziviriro yemhedzisiro yeislanding inodiwa

- Dziviriro yekudzivirira jekiseni kubva pakudzokera shure (yemasystem ehybrid)

 

2.3.6 Zvakatipoteredza Kuchinjika

 

- Kushanda Kwekupisa Kwekushanda

- Rudzi rweDziviriro (IP65 kana kupfuura inodiwa pakuisa panze)

- Kuchinjika pakukwirira

 

2.3.7 Chitupa Zvinodiwa

 

- Ma inverter akabatana negrid anofanira kunge aine zvitupa zvekubatanidza grid yemuno (zvakadai seCQC muChina, VDE-AR-N 4105 muEU, nezvimwewo)

- Zvitupa zvekuchengetedza (zvakadai seUL, IEC, nezvimwewo)

 

2.4 Maitiro ekuita isa inverter

 

Kuiswa kwe inverter nemazvo kwakakosha zvikuru pakushanda kwayo uye hupenyu hwayo:

 

2.4.1 Kuiswa Nzvimbo Sarudzo

 

- Iine mhepo yakakwana, ichidzivirira zuva rakananga

- Tembiricha iri pakati pe -25℃ kusvika +60℃ (tarisai zvirevo zvechigadzirwa kuti muwane rumwe ruzivo)

- Yakaoma uye yakachena, kudzivirira guruva nemagasi anoparadza

- Nzvimbo iri nyore kushandisa nekugadzirisa

- Pedyo nebhatiri sezvinobvira (kuderedza kurasikirwa kwetambo)

 

2.4.2 Michina Kuiswa

 

- Isa uchishandisa madziro kana mabhureki kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti zvinhu zvagadzikana

- Chengeta yakaiswa yakatwasuka kuti iparadze kupisa zviri nani

- Chengetedza nzvimbo yakakwana yakakomberedza (kazhinji inopfuura 50cm pamusoro nepasi, uye inopfuura 30cm kuruboshwe nerudyi)

 

2.4.3 Magetsi Kubatana

 

- Kubatana kweDC Kurutivi:

- Simbisa polarity chaiyo (ma terminal akanaka neasina kunaka haafanirwe kudzoserwa kumashure)

- Shandisa tambo dzine zvinodiwa zvakakodzera (kazhinji 4-35mm²)

- Zvinokurudzirwa kuisa DC circuit breaker pane positive terminal

 

- Kubatana kweAc Kurutivi:

- Batanidza zvinoenderana neL/N/PE

- Zvinodiwa patambo zvinofanirwa kusangana nezvinodiwa pari zvino

- Chinovhara dunhu reAC chinofanira kuiswa

 

- Kubatanidza Pasi:

- Iva nechokwadi chekuti pasi rakasimba (resistance yepasi

- Dhayamita yewaya yekudzika haifanirwe kunge iri pasi pedhayamita yewaya yechikamu

 

2.4.4 Sisitimu Kugadziriswa

 

- Ma inverter akabatana negrid anofanira kunge aine zvishandiso zvekudzivirira grid zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa.

- Ma inverter asina grid anofanira kugadzirwa nemabhengi emabhatiri akakodzera.

- Isa ma parameter akakodzera esystem (voltage, frequency, nezvimwewo)

 

2.4.5 Kuiswa Zvekungwaririra

 

- Iva nechokwadi chekuti magetsi ese abviswa usati waisa

- Dzivisa kumhanyisa mitsetse yeDC neAC padivi nepadivi

- Kuparadzanisa tambo dzekutaurirana kubva patambo dzemagetsi

- Ita ongororo yakakwana mushure mekuiisa usati wabatidza kuti iongororwe

 

2.4.6 Kugadzirisa matambudziko uye Kuedzwa

 

- Yera simba rekudzivirira kupisa usati watanga kushandisa simba

- Zvishoma nezvishoma vhura simba uye tarisa maitiro ekutanga

- Edza kana mabasa akasiyana ekudzivirira ari kushanda nemazvo

- Kuyera voltage inobuda, frequency, uye mamwe ma parameter

 

Chitsauko 3: Kushandira pamwe pakati peSPD neInverter

 

3.1 Sei zvichiita iyo inverter inoda chidziviriro chekusurge?

 

Semudziyo wemagetsi une simba, inverter inonzwa zvakanyanya kana magetsi achichinja-chinja uye inoda dziviriro yekubatana yemudziviriri we surge. Zvikonzero zvikuru zveizvi zvinosanganisira:

 

3.1.1 Yakakwirira Kunzwisisa yeInverter

 

Iyo inverter ine huwandu hwakawanda hwemidziyo chaiyo ye semiconductor uye macircuit ekudzora. Zvikamu izvi hazvigoni kushivirira overvoltage uye zvinogona kukuvara zvakanyanya nekuda kwe surges.

 

3.1.2 Sisitimu Kuvhurika

Mitsetse yeDC neAC mu photovoltaic system inowanzo kureba uye inoonekwa zvishoma kunze, zvichiita kuti ive nyore kubatwa nemheni inokonzerwa nemhepo.

 

3.1.3 Dual Njodzi

Iyo inverter haingosanganiswi chete nekutyisidzirwa kwekukwira kwesimba kubva kurutivi rwemagetsi, asi inogonawo kukanganiswa nekukwira kwesimba kubva kurutivi rwe photovoltaic array.

 

3.1.4 Zvehupfumi Kurasikirwa

MaInverter anowanzova chimwe chezvinhu zvinodhura zvikuru mu photovoltaic system. Kukuvara kwawo kunogona kukonzera kuoma kwesimba remagetsi uye mari yakawanda yekugadzirisa.

 

3.1.5 Kuchengetedzwa Njodzi

Kukuvadzwa kweinverter kunogona kukonzera tsaona dzechipiri dzakadai sekuvhundutswa kwemagetsi nemoto.

 

Zvichienderana nehuwandu, mumasisitimu e photovoltaic, inenge 35% yekutadza kushanda kwe inverter ine chekuita nekumanikidzwa kwemagetsi zvakanyanya, uye zvizhinji zvacho zvinogona kudzivirirwa nematanho ekudzivirira kukwira kwemagetsi.

 

3.2 Sisitimu yekubatanidza mhinduro yeSurge Protector neInverter

 

Chirongwa chakakwana chekudzivirira kukwira kwesimba re photovoltaic system chinofanira kusanganisira mazinga akawanda ekudzivirira:

 

3.2.1 DC Rutivi Dziviriro

 

- Isa DC SPD yakatsaurirwa zvakanangana nemasisitimu emagetsi ezuva nezuva mukati mebhokisi remagetsi emagetsi ezuva rezuva rezuva rezuva.

- Isa DC SPD yechipiri pamucheto weDC input weinverter.

- Chengetedza ma module e photovoltaic uye chikamu cheDC/DC che inverter.

 

3.2.2 Kutaurirana-Dziviriro yedivi

 

- Isa AC SPD yedanho rekutanga pamucheto weAC output we inverter

- Isa AC SPD yedanho rechipiri panzvimbo yekubatanidza grid kana kuti kabhineti yekugovera

- Chengetedza chikamu cheDC/AC cheinverter uye interface ne power grid

 

3.2.3 Chiratidzo Chitenderedzo Dziviriro

 

- Isa maSPD echiratidzo pamitsetse yekutaurirana yakaita seRS485 neEthernet

- Dzivirira macircuit ekudzora uye masisitimu ekutarisa

 

3.2.4 Zvakaenzana Zvinogona kuitika Kubatana

 

- Iva nechokwadi chekuti materminal ese eSPD grounding akabatana zvakachengeteka nesystem grounding

- Deredza mutsauko ungavapo pakati pemasisitimu ekumisa pasi

 

3.3 Yakarongeka kufunga yekusarudza uye yekugadzwa

 

Pakushandisa ma surge protectors nema inverters pamwe chete, kusarudzwa nekuiswa kunofanirwa kutariswa zvakanyanya nezvinhu zvinotevera:

 

3.3.1 Kufananidza Voltage

 

- Kukosha kweUc kweDC-side SPD kunofanira kunge kwakakwira kupfuura voltage yepamusoro-soro ye open-circuit ye ​​photovoltaic array (tichifunga nezve temperature coefficient)

- Kukosha kweUc kweAC-side SPD kunofanira kunge kwakakwira kupfuura voltage yepamusoro-soro inoshanda yegrid yemagetsi

- Kukosha kweSPD kunofanira kunge kwakaderera pane kukosha kwevoltage yekudzivirira yechiteshi chimwe nechimwe cheinverter

 

3.3.2 Kugona Kwazvino

 

- Sarudza In uye Imax yeSPD zvichibva pane simba rinotarisirwa rekukwira kwemagetsi panzvimbo yekuisa.

- Kune DC side ye photovoltaic system, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa SPD ine kanenge 20kA (8/20μs).

- Kune divi reAC, sarudza SPD ine 20-50kA zvichienderana nenzvimbo.

 

3.3.3 Kurongeka uye Kushandira Pamwe

 

- Panofanira kuva nekuenzaniswa kwakakodzera kwesimba (daro kana kupatsanurwa) pakati peSPD dzakawanda.

- Iva nechokwadi chekuti maSPD ari pedyo neinverter haatore simba rese rekukwira kwesimba chete.

- Makoshero eUp edanho rega rega reSPD anofanira kuumba gradient (kazhinji, danho repamusoro rinenge riri pamusoro pe20% kana kupfuura pane danho repasi).

 

3.3.4 Zvakakosha Zvinodiwa

 

- Iyo photovoltaic DC SPD inofanira kunge iine dziviriro yekubatanidza kumashure.

- Funga nezvekudzivirira kukwira kwemvura munzira mbiri (kukwira kwemvura kunogona kuiswa kubva kurutivi rwegrid nerutivi rwe photovoltaic).

- Sarudza maSPD ane hunyanzvi hwekupisa kwakanyanya kuti ushandise munzvimbo dzine kupisa kwakanyanya.

 

3.3.5 Kuiswa Mazano

 

- SPD inofanira kuiswa pedyo nechiteshi chakachengetedzwa (inverter DC/AC terminals)

- Tambo dzekubatanidza dzinofanira kunge dzakapfupika uye dzakatwasuka sezvinobvira kuderedza kupinza kwelead

- Iva nechokwadi chekuti system yekumisa pasi ine impedance yakaderera

- Dzivisa kugadzira denderedzwa pakati peSPD ne inverter

 

3.4 Kugadzirisa uye kugadzirisa matambudziko

 

Nzvimbo dzekugadzirisa hurongwa hwakarongeka hwevadziviriri vema surge nema inverters:

 

3.4.1 Zvakajairika kuongorora

 

- Ongorora nemaziso chiratidzo cheSPD mwedzi wega wega.

- Tarisa kubatana kwakasimba kwekota yega yega.

- Yera kuramba kwepasi gore rega rega.

- Ongorora nekukurumidza mushure mekunge mheni yarova.

 

3.4.2 Zvakajairika kugadzirisa matambudziko

 

- Kushanda kweSPD kakawanda: Tarisa kana voltage yesystem yakagadzikana uye kana modhi yeSPD yakakodzera.

- Kukundikana kweSPD: Tarisa kana mudziyo wekudzivirira wepamberi uchishanda pamwe chete uye kana kukwira kwesimba kuchipfuura kugona kweSPD.

- Inverter ichiri kukuvara: Tarisa kana nzvimbo yekuisa SPD yakakodzera uye kana kubatana kwacho kwakarurama.

- Alarm yenhema: Tarisa kuti SPD ne inverter zvinoshanda here uye kana pasi rayo rakanaka.

 

3.4.3 Kutsiva Maitiro

 

- Chiratidzo chemamiriro ezvinhu chinoratidza kukundikana

- Chitarisiko chacho chinoratidza kukuvara kuri pachena (sekutsva, kutsemuka, nezvimwewo)

- Kusangana nezviitiko zvekukwira kwehuwandu zvinopfuura kukosha kwakarongwa

- Kusvika pahupenyu hwebasa hunokurudzirwa nemugadziri (kazhinji makore 8-10)

 

3.4.4 Sisitimu Kugadzirisa

 

- Gadzirisa marongero eSPD zvichienderana neruzivo rwekushanda

- Kushandiswa kwetekinoroji itsva (senge kuongorora kwakangwara kweSPD)

- Wedzera dziviriro zvinoenderana panguva yekuwedzera kwesystem

 

Chitsauko 4: Ramangwana Maitiro Ekuvandudza

 

Nekuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji yeInternet of Things, maSPD akangwara achava maitiro:

 

4.1 Kukwidza kwehungwaru dziviriro tekinoroji

Nekuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji yeInternet of Things, maSPD akangwara achava maitiro:

- Kutarisa kwenguva chaiyo mamiriro eSPD uye hupenyu hwasara

- Kurekodha nhamba nesimba rezviitiko zvekukwira kwemvura

- Alarm iri kure uye kuongororwa kwezvirwere

- Kubatanidzwa nehurongwa hwekutarisa ma inverter

 

4.2 Yepamusoro mashandiro zvishandiso zvekudzivirira

 

Mhando itsva dzezvishandiso zvekudzivirira dziri kugadzirwa:

- Midziyo yekudzivirira yakasimba ine nguva yekupindura nekukurumidza

- Zvinhu zvakasanganiswa zvine simba guru rekupinza simba

- Midziyo yekudzivirira inogadzirisa yega

- Mamodule anobatanidza dziviriro dzakawanda dzakadai sekudzivirira kupisa zvakanyanya, kupisa kwakanyanya, uye kupisa zvakanyanya

 

4.3 Sisitimu-danho mhinduro yekudzivirira pamwe chete

 

Nzira yekuvandudza mune ramangwana ndeyekushanduka kubva pakuchengetedzwa kwemudziyo mumwe chete kuenda pakuchengetedzwa kwekushandira pamwe chete kwesystem:

- Kushandira pamwe kwakarongeka pakati peSPD ne inverter yakavakirwa mukati

- Zvirongwa zvekudzivirira zvakagadzirwa zvichienderana nehunhu hwesisitimu

- Maitiro ekudzivirira anochinja-chinja achifunga nezvemhedzisiro yekudyidzana kwegridi

- Dziviriro yekufanotaura yakasanganiswa nemaalgorithms eAI

 

Mhedziso

 

Kushanda pamwe chete kwezvidziviriro zvemagetsi zvinoshandisa ma surge nema inverter ivimbiso yakakosha yekushanda kwakachengeteka kwema system emagetsi emazuva ano. Kuburikidza nesarudzo yesainzi, kuiswa kwakarongeka, uye kubatanidzwa kwakazara kwema system, njodzi yekukwira kwemagetsi inogona kuderedzwa zvakanyanya, hupenyu hwemichina hunogona kuwedzerwa, uye kuvimbika kwe system kunogona kuwedzerwa. Nekufambira mberi kwetekinoroji, kushandira pamwe pakati pezviviri kuchawedzera hungwaru uye kushanda zvakanaka, zvichipa rutsigiro rwakasimba rwekudzivirira pakugadzirwa kwesimba rakachena uye kushandiswa kwemidziyo yemagetsi yemagetsi.

 

Kune vagadziri vemasystem nevashandi vekuisa/kugadzirisa, kunzwisisa kwakakwana kwenheyo dzekushanda kwevanodzivirira ma surge nema inverter, pamwe chete nepfungwa huru dzekubatana kwavo, zvichabatsira mukugadzira mhinduro dzakanyatsogadziriswa uye kugadzira kukosha kukuru kune vashandisi. Munguva ino yekuchinja kwesimba uye kukurumidza kwemagetsi, kufunga uku kwekuchengetedza pamwe chete kwemidziyo yakasiyana-siyana kwakakosha zvikuru.