Nhanganyaya:

Sei Midziyo Yako Ichida "Voltage Bodyguard"?

Fungidzira izvi: Pausiku hune dutu nemheni ichiyerera mudenga, michina yako chaiyo inokosha mazana ezviuru inongoerekana "yatanga kurohwa." Iyi haisi nyaya yemufirimu unotyisa asi idambudziko guru rakasangana nemafekitori nedzimba dzakawanda. Mudziyo unodzivirira mafungu (SPD) ndiwo "gamba guru" renyaya iyi—unokwanisa kudzivirira ma voltage spikes ane njodzi muchikamu chemamiriyoni chesekondi. Asi heino dambudziko: vanhu vazhinji vanounza "bodyguard" uyu kumba vasingazive mashandisirwo ake nemazvo.

Nhasi, ngatitaurei nezvemuchengeti uyu wekuchengetedza magetsi unoratidzika kunge uri nyore asi wakaoma kunzwisisa.

Chikamu 1: Ziva "muchengeti wemagetsi" wako

1.1 Ndeipi mhando ye "tekinoroji nhema" inonzi SPD?

Kutaura chokwadi, musimboti wekudzivirira mafungu hausi wakaoma. Zvakafanana ne "smart switch", iyo inogara yakanyarara panguva dzakajairika. Kana yangoona voltage isina kujairika (senge makumi ezviuru zvevolts yevoltage yakakwira panguva yekurohwa nemheni), inogona "kuvhura gonhi yoburitsa mvura" mumasekonzi mashoma, yoendesa magetsi ane njodzi pasi. Kumhanya uku kwekuita kunokurumidza zvakadii? Kunokurumidza kanopfuura kaunobwaira!

1.2 Kubvisa "nhengo dzemukati" dzeSPD

MaSPD akajairika pamusika anovimba ne "hunyanzvi hutatu" kuti ashande:

Metal oxide varistor (MOV): inonwisa simba rakawandisa sezvinoita chipanji chinonwisa mvura

Chubhu inoburitsa gasi (GDT): inoita mafungu makuru nekuita kuti gasi rive ionizing

Diode yekudzvinyirira kwenguva pfupi (TVS): inonyanya kugadzirisa ma "pulses" asina simba rakawanda

Zvinofadza kuti mhando dzakasiyana dzeSPD dzine simba radzo. Kungofanana nekusarudza murindi wemuviri kusingatarise tsandanyama chete, kusarudza SPD kunoenderanawo nenguva yacho - zvinodiwa nefekitori neimba yemitambo zvakasiyana zvikuru.

Chikamu 2: Dzidzisai maitirwo ekuisa SPD nhanho nhanho

2.1 Gwaro rekudzivirira matambudziko pakutenga

Gore rapera, mumwe mutengi akandinyunyuta achiti mota yeSPD yaakatenga yakanga isina basa. Mushure mekubvunza, ndakazoona kuti akaisa modhi ye20kA yekushandisa pamba pachiteshi chepasi munzvimbo ine makomo inowanzo rohwa nemheni! Izvi zvakafanana nekushandisa amburera kudzivirira chimvuramabwe. Zvingave zvinoshamisa kana ikasatyoka.

Yeuka nhamba idzi dzinokosha paunenge uchitenga:

• Kukosha kwevoltage: zvinofanira kuenderana! Kuisa 380V SPD pane system ye220V kwakafanana nekusaiisa

• Mwero wekuyerera kwemvura: 40kA inokurudzirwa kunzvimbo dziri kumahombekombe dzine mheni inowanzo shandiswa

• Nzira yekudzivirira: Rudzi rwe "1+1" runoshandiswa pamidziyo yemumba yakajairika, uye rudzi rwe "3+1" rwakanakira pamidziyo yakanyatsogadzirwa

2.2 "Chidzidzo cheRopa neMisodzi" panzvimbo yekuisa

Mwedzi wapera, ndakaenda kunzvimbo yekuchengetedza data ndikawana kuti SPD yavo yakanga yaiswa mamita matatu kubva pamutsetse mukuru! Izvi zvakafanana nekukiya chidzimisi chemoto mukamuri rinotevera. Kana paine moto chaiwo, hapana nguva yekuutora.

Maitiro akakodzera ekuisa:

• Dzimai magetsi! Dzimai magetsi! Dzimai magetsi! (Zvinhu zvakakosha zvinofanira kutaurwa katatu)

• Yeukai kutevedzana kwewaya: batanidza waya yepasi kutanga, wozobatanidza waya isina kupindira, uye pakupedzisira waya iri mhenyu

• Edza kupfupisa urefu hwewaya yekubatanidza (kudzivirira kuchaderedzwa nehafu kana ikapfuura mamita 0.5)

• Musakanganwa kuita "ongororo yemuviri": shandisai megohmmeter kuyera kuramba kwepasi

Heino zano diki: isa chinyorwa chinonamira padivi peSPD wonyora zuva rekuisa. Chinhu ichi chakafanana nepedhi remabhureki emota, chinofanira kutsiviwa mushure menguva yakareba yekushandiswa.

Chikamu 3: Ruzivo rwekugadzirisa zvinhu rwakaregeredzwa nevanhu 90%

3.1 "Zviratidzo zverufu" zveSPD

• SPD haigone kutaura, asi ichakuudza kuti "Ndiri kufa" nenzira idzi:

• Goko rinoshanduka kuita yero uye rinochinja chimiro (sechitoyi chepurasitiki chekare). Chiedza chinotanga "kuoma" (zviri pachena kuti chinobatidzwa asi hachina kuvhurwa). Mudziyo wacho unowanzova nezviitiko zve "mweya" (kutangazve kana kudonha kusingatsananguriki)

• Zvinokurudzirwa kuti utarise zviri nyore kota imwe neimwe: bata tembiricha yeganda neruoko rwako (kana kuchipisa, pane dambudziko), uye tarisa chiratidzo chehwindo (girini zvinoreva kuti rine hutano, tsvuku zvinoreva kuti rinofanira kutsiviwa).

3.2 "Zvikanganiso zvepasi" zvatakaita mumakore iwayo

• Chikanganiso chiratidzo 1: Kubata SPD sechishongo "chekare uye zvachose" (kutaura chokwadi, chinhu chinoshandiswa)

• Chiratidzo chechikanganiso chechipiri: Kubatanidza waya yekudzika pasi nefuremu yesimbi zvisina tsarukano (electrode yekudzika yakatsaurirwa inodiwa)

• Chikanganiso chiratidzo chechitatu: Kusanganisa maSPD emhando dzakasiyana (sekungotora mishonga yeChina neyekuMadokero zvisina tsarukano)

Chinhu chinonyanya kushamisa ndechekuti ndakaona mumwe munhu achishandisa SPD semuchina wemagetsi, uzere nemakettle emagetsi nemaovheni ema microwave...

Chikamu 4: Mibvunzo nemhinduro kubva kuhondo chaiyo

Mubvunzo: Unogona kuva nechokwadi here mushure mekuisa SPD?

A: Kufanana nekusunga bhandi remotokari, haugone kurovera mota nemaune. SPD+lightning arrester+UPS ndiyo package yakazara.

Mubvunzo: Ungatonga sei kana SPD yakatyoka kana kuti michina yacho yakakanganisika?

A: Nzira iri nyore: mushure mekubvisa SPD, michina inodzokera kune yakajairika, zvino idambudziko reSPD.

Q: Nguva yebasa reSPD yakareba sei?

A: Izvi zvinoenderana nehuwandu hwe "beats". Semuenzaniso, mutengi muGuangdong akarohwa nemheni ka12 muzuva rimwe chete, uye SPD yake yakarega basa mumwedzi mitatu.

Mukupedzisa: Pfungwa ye "kutenga inishuwarenzi" yemagetsi

Ndakaona vanhu vakawanda vachida kushandisa mari yakawanda pamidziyo, asi vane hanya nekudzivirira. Kutaura zvazviri, SPD yakafanana ne "inishuwarenzi yezvekurapa" yemagetsi. Ungasanzwa kuti iripo panguva dzakajairika, asi inogona kuponesa hupenyu hwako panguva dzakaoma.

Chekupedzisira, ndinoda kutaura shoko kune wese munhu: dziviriro yakanaka yekukwira kwemotokari haisi iyo inodhura zvakanyanya, asi ndiyo inonyanya kukodzera. Nguva inotevera paunotenga, ungabvunza mutengesi kuti ndeapi miedzo inoshanda yakasangana nemodhi iyi. Pamusoro pezvose, hapana anoshinga kuva ne "bodyguard" anongotaura nezvazvo papepa.

Zvinyorwa zveUnyanzvi:

• Data rakayerwa rinoratidza kuti maSPD akaiswa zvakanaka anogona kuderedza kukuvara kwemheni ne82%

• Zvinoenderana neIEC 61643, nguva yekupindura yeSPD yepamusoro inofanira kuva ≤25ns

• Munzvimbo dzine dutu guru, zvinokurudzirwa kutsiva zvikamu zvepakati zveSPD makore matatu ega ega